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Cryptococcal meningitis in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Nepal: Perspectives from resource limited setting.
- Source :
-
Mycoses [Mycoses] 2023 Jan; Vol. 66 (1), pp. 47-51. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 13. - Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Early diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is crucial for its therapeutic success. The objective of this study was to diagnose cryptococcal meningitis in PLHIV cases using the available laboratory techniques for its confirmation in resource limited setting. This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted among 72 PLHIV with clinical suspicion of meningitis. Each cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample received at the National Public Health Laboratory, Kathmandu was processed for India ink staining, cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay, and fungal culture following standard protocols. The laboratory-confirmed cryptococcal meningitis cases were between 24 and 69 years of age (median age 39 years) with 87.5% (12/14) of cases being male. Cryptococcus was detected in 22.22% (16/72) by any of the three tests, 19.44% (14/72) by cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay, 16.66% (12/72) by India ink staining, and 8.33% (6/72) by culture. High percentage of cryptococcal meningitis among PLHIV warrants early microbiological diagnosis for better case management. Cryptococcal antigen detection immunoassay should be the priority test for laboratory diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis in PLHIV. Alternatively, very simple and economic India ink staining of CSF specimens could be used in resource limited settings.<br /> (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
- Subjects :
- Male
Humans
Adult
Female
Prospective Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Nepal epidemiology
Antigens, Fungal
HIV
Meningitis, Cryptococcal diagnosis
Meningitis, Cryptococcal epidemiology
Meningitis, Cryptococcal drug therapy
Cryptococcus
HIV Infections complications
HIV Infections epidemiology
HIV Infections microbiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1439-0507
- Volume :
- 66
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Mycoses
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 36067003
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.13526