Increased Fat Graft Survival by Promoting Adipocyte Dedifferentiation.

Background: Some adipocytes undergo dedifferentiation after fat transplantation, and this may affect the survival of fat grafts. However, this effect has not been adequately studied.
Objectives: This study aimed to clarify the effect of promoting the dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes on the survival of fat grafts.
Methods: Mature adipocytes and adipose stem cells (ASCs) were treated with OSI-906 (a specific inhibitor of insulin receptor and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor) in vitro, and then the dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes and the proliferation of ASCs were evaluated. In the in vivo experiment, human lipoaspirates mixed with phosphate-buffered saline (Group A) or OSI-906 (Group B) were compared in nude mice. Grafts were harvested at 2, 8, and 12 weeks, and volume retention rate, histologic, and immunohistochemical analyses were conducted.
Results: OSI-906 can promote the dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes and inhibit the proliferation of ASCs. At 12 weeks, Group B showed a better volume retention rate (mean [standard deviation, SD], 62.3% [7.61%]) than group A (47.75% [6.11%]) (P < .05). Moreover, viable adipocytes and vascularization showed greater improvement in Group B than in Group A.
Conclusions: This study suggests that promoting the dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes can improve the survival rate and quality of fat grafts.
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