The use of hormone stimulation in male infertility.

Infertility affects 15% of couples worldwide and in approximately 50% of cases the cause is secondary to an abnormality of the sperm. However, treatment options for male infertility are limited and empirical use of hormone stimulation has been utilised. We review the contemporary data regarding the application of hormone stimulation to treat male infertility. There is strong evidence supporting the use of hormone stimulation in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism but there is inadequate evidence for all other indications.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Daniel Foran: no conflicts of interest to disclose. Runzhi Chen: no conflicts of interest to disclose. Channa Jayasena: no conflicts of interest to disclose. Suks Minhas: no conflicts of interest to disclose. Tharu Tharakan: no conflicts of interest to disclose.
(Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)