Back to Search
Start Over
The activation of peroxymonosulfate by biochar derived from anaerobic and aerobic iron-containing excess sludge.
- Source :
-
Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2023 Apr; Vol. 30 (20), pp. 59027-59047. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 31. - Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- The excess sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants is rich in Fe (III) due to chemical dephosphorization. The activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by biochar derived from anaerobic and aerobic iron-containing excess sludge was studied systematically in this research. Fe (III)-containing excess sludge was cultured in an anaerobic environment for conversion of partial Fe (III) to Fe (II), which was further carbonized to prepare biochar labeled AnSx@Fe. Meanwhile, aerobic sludge with different Fe (III) content was directly carbonized to produce biochar labeled AeS@Fe. For biochar (AnS20@Fe-15%) prepared from 15% Fe(III)-containing anaerobic cultured 20 days sludge, the relative contents of Fe (III) and Fe (II) were 21.26% and 78.74%, which were 31.03% and 68.97% for biochar (AeS@Fe-10%) prepared from 10% Fe (III)-containing aerobic sludge. Fe (III) can be reduced to Fe (II) by both anaerobic culture and carbonization. Their removal rates of tetracycline (TC) through 60 min PMS activation were 97% and 98%, with TOC (Total organic carbon) removal of 61.8% and 53.4% respectively. The reactive species including sulfate radical [Formula: see text], hydroxyl radical (·OH) and singlet oxygen ( <superscript>1</superscript> O <subscript>2</subscript> ) were produced during PMS activation. After O <subscript>2</subscript> -aeration treatment of both AeS@Fe and AnSx@Fe, the relative content of Fe (II) was decreased and group C = O was disappeared, which resulted in reduction of [Formula: see text], ·OH and <superscript>1</superscript> O <subscript>2</subscript> . The generation of [Formula: see text] and ·OH was dominated by the Fe (II) activation and the <superscript>1</superscript> O <subscript>2</subscript> generation was originated from graphite type N and C = O. Direct carbonization of aerobic and anaerobic sludge is a feasible method to produce biochar for PMS activation.<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Subjects :
- Anaerobiosis
Peroxides chemistry
Charcoal
Sewage
Iron chemistry
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1614-7499
- Volume :
- 30
- Issue :
- 20
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Environmental science and pollution research international
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 37000396
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26622-0