A low cumulative perioperative prognostic nutritional index predicts poor long-term outcomes in patients with gastric cancer: A single-center retrospective study in Japan.

Purpose: Perioperative surgical stress and systemic inflammation resulting from complex interactions between cancer and the host play an important role in cancer progression. This retrospective study compared the prognostic impact of various perioperative cumulative inflammation- and nutrition-based markers in patients with gastric cancer (GC).
Methods: This study included 301 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent curative surgery. Perioperative cumulative markers were calculated using the newly developed trapezoidal area method.
Results: The cumulative prognostic nutritional index (cum-PNI) had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for predicting the overall survival (OS) as well as the relapse-free survival (RFS). The cum-PNI was significantly correlated with tumor-related factors, including tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic involvement, vascular involvement, and TNM stage classification. The cum-PNI was also significantly correlated with surgical factors, including surgical approach, gastrectomy, lymphadenectomy, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications. Furthermore, the OS and RFS were poorer in patients with a low cum-PNI (< 236.3) than in those with a high cum-PNI (> 236.3). A multivariate analysis indicated that a low cum-PNI was an independent prognostic indicator in patients with GC.
Conclusions: The cum-PNI might be useful for predicting the prognosis and guiding the perioperative management of patients with GC.
(© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.)