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Activated ZnCl2 biochar and humic acid as additives in monoammonium phosphate fertilizer: Physicochemical characterization and agronomic effectiveness.
- Source :
-
Environmental research [Environ Res] 2023 Sep 01; Vol. 232, pp. 115927. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 21. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Activated zinc biochar (ZnBC) and humic acid (HA) were used as coating agents in a soluble monoammonium phosphate (MAP) to modify phosphorus (P) use efficiency by altering adsorption/desorption kinetics between the granule region and the soil. The coated treatments MAPZnBC and MAPHA were compared with MAP through P diffusivity, kinetics, and agronomic evaluation. Eucalyptus sawdust was used as biomass for biochar synthesis, and a pre-pyrolysis treatment with zinc chloride (ZnCl <subscript>2</subscript> ) was applied. The P diffusivity was evaluated in the fertosphere zone. Adsorption and desorption potential of the ZnBC compared with control biochar (BC) was evaluated separately. Desorption kinetics of P from soil was assessed after incubation with MAPZnBC and MAPHA. The shoot dry matter yield (SDM), P uptake, and P use efficiency (PUE) were evaluated with a pot experiment in a clay Oxisol sown with maize and soybeans as successive plant trials, under glasshouse conditions. Surface area values of 940 and 305 m <superscript>2</superscript>  g <superscript>-1</superscript> combined with adsorption capacities of 106 and 53 mg P g <superscript>-1</superscript> for ZnBC and BC, respectively, confirm the increased capacity of activated biochar to adsorb P. Both MAPZnBC and MAPHA decreased P diffusivity compared to MAP after 20 days of incubation. Moreover, MAPZnBC and MAPHA presented 20% and 34% more water-soluble phosphorus recovery. MAPZnBC expressed an increase in SDM while MAPHA highlighted P uptake and PUE compared with MAP. Both kinetic studies and agronomic evaluations showed that ZnBC and HA are suitable as coatings for phosphate fertilizers in terms of increasing P efficiency in the fertosphere on high P-fixing soils.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Kinetics
Soil chemistry
Phosphorus
Zinc
Humic Substances
Fertilizers analysis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096-0953
- Volume :
- 232
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Environmental research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 37088320
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.115927