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Gene-based association study reveals a distinct female genetic signal in primary hypertension.
- Source :
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Human genetics [Hum Genet] 2023 Jul; Vol. 142 (7), pp. 863-878. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 03. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Hypertension is a polygenic disease that affects over 1.2 billion adults aged 30-79 worldwide. It is a major risk factor for renal, cerebrovascular, and cardiovascular diseases. The heritability of hypertension is estimated to be high; nevertheless, our understanding of its underlying mechanisms remains scarce and incomplete. This study covered the entries from European ancestry from the UK-Biobank (UKB), with 74,090 cases diagnosed with essential (primary) hypertension and 200,734 controls. We compared the findings from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to the gene-based method of proteome-wide association studies (PWAS). We focused on 70 statistically significant associated genes, most of which failed to reach significance in variant-based GWAS. A total of 30% of the PWAS-associated genes were validated against independent cohorts, including the Finnish Biobank. Furthermore, gene-based analyses that were performed on both sexes revealed sex-dependent genetics with a stronger genetic component associated with females. Analysis of systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements confirms a strong genetic effect associated with females. We demonstrated that gene-based approaches provide insight into the underlying biology of hypertension. Specifically, the expression profiles of the identified genes exposed the enrichment of endothelial cells from multiple organs. Furthermore, females' top-ranked significant genes are involved in cellular immunity. We conclude that studying hypertension and blood pressure via gene-based association methods improves interpretability and exposes sex-dependent genetic effects, which enhances clinical utility.<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1432-1203
- Volume :
- 142
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Human genetics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 37133573
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-023-02567-9