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High-Intensity Interval Training and Cardiometabolic Health in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.
- Source :
-
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) [Sports Med] 2023 Sep; Vol. 53 (9), pp. 1753-1763. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 19. - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) remains a promising exercise mode in managing cardiometabolic health. Large-scale analyses are necessary to understand its magnitude of effect on important cardiometabolic risk factors and inform guideline recommendations.<br />Objective: We aimed to perform a novel large-scale meta-analysis on the effects of HIIT on cardiometabolic health in the general population.<br />Methods: PubMed (MEDLINE), the Cochrane library and Web of Science were systematically searched. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between 1990 and March 2023 were eligible. Research trials reporting the effects of a HIIT intervention on at least one cardiometabolic health parameter with a non-intervention control group were considered.<br />Results: This meta-analysis included 97 RCTs with a pooled sample size of 3399 participants. HIIT produced significant improvements in 14 clinically relevant cardiometabolic health parameters, including peak aerobic capacity (VO <subscript>2</subscript> ) [weighted mean difference (WMD): 3.895 ml min <superscript>-1</superscript>  kg <superscript>-1</superscript> , P < 0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (WMD: 3.505%, P < 0.001), systolic (WMD: - 3.203 mmHg, P < 0.001) and diastolic (WMD: - 2.409 mmHg, P < 0.001) blood pressure, resting heart rate (WMD: - 3.902 bpm, P < 0.001) and stroke volume (WMD: 9.516 mL, P < 0.001). Body composition also significantly improved through reductions in body mass index (WMD: - 0.565 kg m <superscript>-2</superscript> , P < 0.001), waist circumference (WMD: - 2.843 cm, P < 0.001) and percentage body fat (WMD: - 0.972%, P < 0.001). Furthermore, there were significant reductions in fasting insulin (WMD: - 13.684 pmol L <superscript>-1</superscript> , P = 0.004), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (WMD: - 0.445 mg dL <superscript>-1</superscript> , P = 0.043), triglycerides (WMD: - 0.090 mmol L <superscript>-1</superscript> , P = 0.011) and low-density lipoprotein (WMD: - 0.063 mmol L <superscript>-1</superscript> , P = 0.050), concurrent to a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (WMD: 0.036 mmol L <superscript>-1</superscript> , P = 0.046).<br />Conclusion: These results provide further support for HIIT in the clinical management of important cardiometabolic health risk factors, which may have implications for physical activity guideline recommendations.<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1179-2035
- Volume :
- 53
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
- Publication Type :
- Report
- Accession number :
- 37204620
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-023-01863-8