Mutational spectrum of TP53 gene correlates with nivolumab treatment efficacy in advanced gastric cancer (TP53MUT study).

Background: Although nivolumab has a high efficacy, reliable biomarkers are needed to predict the efficacy. We evaluated the nivolumab efficacy according to the TP53 mutation in advanced gastric cancer patients enrolled in the GI-SCREEN project.
Methods: Sequence data of tumour specimens and clinicopathological information of 913 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were enrolled between April 2015 and March 2017 were obtained from the GI-SCREEN database. The follow-up information of 266 patients treated with nivolumab was also provided.
Results: Among 266 patients treated with nivolumab, the objective response rate (ORR) of TP53 wild type (wt) patients (24.6%) was higher than that of TP53 mutant patients (14.8%). Among TP53 mutant patients, the ORR of the frameshift type tended to be higher than the transition and transversion type (23.1%, 13.6%, and 13.0%, respectively). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was statistically longer in TP53 wt patients than in mutant patients (3.3 vs 2.1 months, HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9). Among TP53 mutant patients, PFS was statistically longer in the frameshift type than in the transversion type.
Conclusion: Nivolumab showed better efficacy in TP53 wt patients than in mutant patients. Among TP53 mutant patients, the frameshift type may have efficacy from nivolumab treatment.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)