Multiple approaches to a spheno-orbital and deep face meningioma: how I do it.

Background: The integration of multiple approaches is sometimes needed for the safe resection of complex multicompartment skull base tumors.
Method: We present the case of a spheno-orbital and deep face meningioma that required a staged resection strategy using transnasal, transoral, transfacial, and transcranial approaches for airway protection and maximal safe tumor removal.
Conclusion: Limitations in individual skull base approaches for complex tumors can be anticipated and overcome by combining approaches.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.)