The coronary microvascular angina cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging trial: Rationale and design.

Background: Coronary microvascular dysfunction may cause myocardial ischemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA). If functional testing is not performed INOCA may pass undetected. Stress perfusion cardiovascular MRI (CMR) quantifies myocardial blood flow (MBF) but the clinical utility of stress CMR in the management of patients with suspected angina with no obstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA) is uncertain.
Objectives: First, to undertake a diagnostic study using stress CMR in patients with ANOCA following invasive coronary angiography and, second, in a nested, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to assess the effect of disclosure on the final diagnosis and health status in the longer term.
Design: All-comers referred for clinically indicated coronary angiography for the investigation of suspected coronary artery disease will be screened in 3 regional centers in the United Kingdom. Following invasive coronary angiography, patients with ANOCA who provide informed consent will undergo noninvasive endotyping using stress CMR within 3 months of the angiogram.
Diagnostic Study: Stress perfusion CMR imaging to assess the prevalence of coronary microvascular dysfunction and clinically significant incidental findings in patients with ANOCA. The primary outcome is the between-group difference in the reclassification rate of the initial diagnosis based on invasive angiography versus the final diagnosis after CMR imaging.
Randomized, Controlled Trial: Participants will be randomized to inclusion (intervention group) or exclusion (control group) of myocardial blood flow to inform the final diagnosis. The primary outcome of the clinical trial is the mean within-subject change in the Seattle Angina Questionnaire summary score (SAQSS) at 6 months. Secondary outcome assessments include the EUROQOL EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief-IPQ), the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQM-9), the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) and the 8-item Productivity Cost Questionnaire (iPCQ). Health and economic outcomes will be assessed using electronic healthcare records.
Value: To clarify if routine stress perfusion CMR imaging reclassifies the final diagnosis in patients with ANOCA and whether this strategy improves symptoms, health-related quality of life and health economic outcomes.
Clinicaltrials: GOV: NCT04805814.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest CB is employed by the University of Glasgow, which holds consultancy and research agreements with companies that have commercial interests in the diagnosis and management of angina, including Abbott Vascular, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Heartflow, Menarini Pharmaceuticals, Neovasc, Siemens Healthcare, Therox and Valo Health. The authors received no support from any of these organizations for the submitted work.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)