[Analysis of the causes of soft tissue complications after volar locking plate for the treatment of dorsal displaced distal radius fractures].

Objective: To investigate the causes of soft tissue complications in patients with dorsal displacement distal radius fractures (DRF) after volar locking plate surgery.
Methods: From July 2016 to May 2021, 112 patients with dorsal displacement DRF were treated with volar locking plate surgery, including 45 males and 67 females. The average age was (46.24±10.08) years old, ranging from 18 to 85 years old. According to whether there were soft tissue complications after operation, they were divided into complication group (40 cases) and non complication group (72 cases). Compared with preoperation, the radial metacarpal inclination and ulnar deflection angle, wrist flexion activity and dorsal extension activity, and grip strength of patients after operation were significantly improved ( P <0.05). Compared with the non complication group, the proportion of patients in the complication group whose age was>60 years, body mass index (BMI) more than 30 kg·m ^-2 , smoking, diabetes, fracture type C, open fracture and operation time more than 90 min was higher ( P <0.05). The age, BMI, smoking, diabetes, fracture AO classification, fracture type and operation time were analyzed by multifactor Logistic regression to determine the independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of postoperative soft tissue complications of patients, establish a nomogram prediction model, and evaluate the model.
Results: At the latest follow-up, the excellent and good rate of wrist joint function recovery was 83.93% (94/112), and the excellent and good rate of fracture reduction was 84.82% (95/112). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age more than 60 years old, diabetes, fracture type C, open fracture and operation time more than 90 min were independent risk factors for postoperative soft tissue complications ( P <0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration curve and clinical decision curve of the nomogram prediction model showed discrimination, accuracy and validity were good.
Conclusion: Age more than 60 years, diabetes mellitus, fracture type C, open fracture, and operation time more than 90 min are all independent risk factors for soft tissue complications after DRF volar plate fixation. In clinical treatment, perioperative soft tissue management should be done in such patients to prevent complications.