Design, Synthesis, Insecticidal Activity, and SAR of Aryl Isoxazoline Derivatives Containing Pyrazole-5-carboxamide Motif.

It is important to develop new insecticides with a new mode of action because of increasing pesticide resistance. In this study, a series of novel aryl isoxazoline derivatives containing the pyrazole-5-carboxamide motif were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by ¹ H NMR, ¹³ C NMR, and HRMS. Bioassays indicated that the 24 compounds synthesized possessed excellent insecticidal activity against Mythimna separate and no activity against Aphis craccivora and Tetranychus cinnabarinus . Among these aryl isoxazoline derivatives, 3-(5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydrozol-3-yl)- N -(4-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1 H -pyrazole-5-carboxamide ( IA-8 ) had the best insecticidal activity against M. separate , which is comparable with the positive control fluralaner. The molecular docking results of compound IA-8 and fluralaner with the GABA model demonstrated the same docking mode between compound IA-8 and positive control fluralaner in the active site of GABA. Molecular structure comparisons and ADMET analysis can potentially be used to design more active compounds. The structure-activity relationships are also discussed. This work provided an excellent insecticide for further optimization.