Long-term cognition and speech recognition outcomes after cochlear implantation in the elderly.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate how cognition, as measured using the Self-Administered Gerocognitive Examination Test (SAGE), and age affect speech recognition scores in older adults (age > 65) at one year and two years after cochlear implantation.
Study Design: This is a prospective study.
Setting: This study was conducted at a single institution.
Methods: Unilateral cochlear implantation was performed by two surgeons on adult patients (>65 years) with postlingual bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. There were 230 patients who underwent cochlear implantation from January 2016 to June 2023. Fifty-five of these patients completed the SAGE questionnaire before implantation, one year after implantation, and 2 years after implantation. Paired t-test analysis was used to evaluate pre- and post-operative speech recognition scores (CNC, AzBio in Quiet).
Results: Patients who had normal preoperative cognition on SAGE showed greater improvement in postoperative speech recognition tests at 1 year and 2 years after implantation compared with patients who showed preoperative cognitive impairment. There were no significant differences in postoperative speech outcome between age group 1 (between 65 and 80 years old) and age group 2 (over 80 years old) cochlear implant recipients. There were no changes in cognitive SAGE scores after 2 years implantation.
Conclusion: Cognitive function, as measured by SAGE, is a more reliable predictor than age in determining speech recognition improvement after cochlear implantation. Cochlear implantation did not improve postoperative cognition.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest associated with this original study and there are no external funding sources.
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