The Effects of Opioid Dependency Use on Postoperative Spinal Surgery Outcomes: A Review of the Available Literature.

MLA

Fortier, Luc, et al. “The Effects of Opioid Dependency Use on Postoperative Spinal Surgery Outcomes: A Review of the Available Literature.” Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, vol. 13, no. 4, July 2023, p. e136563. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm-136563.

APA

Fortier, L., Sinkler, M. A., De Witt, A. J., Wenger, D. M., Imani, F., Morsali, S. F., Urits, I., Viswanath, O., & Kaye, A. D. (2023). The Effects of Opioid Dependency Use on Postoperative Spinal Surgery Outcomes: A Review of the Available Literature. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 13(4), e136563. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm-136563

Chicago

Fortier, Luc, Margaret A Sinkler, Audrey J De Witt, Danielle M Wenger, Farnad Imani, Seyedeh Fatemeh Morsali, Ivan Urits, Omar Viswanath, and Alan D Kaye. 2023. “The Effects of Opioid Dependency Use on Postoperative Spinal Surgery Outcomes: A Review of the Available Literature.” Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine 13 (4): e136563. doi:10.5812/aapm-136563.