Detection of chromosome-mediated bla NDM-1 -carrying Aeromonas spp. in the intestinal contents of fresh water river fish in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a global problem that should be addressed through the perspective of the "one health" concept. The purpose of this study was to determine the contamination rate of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas spp. in fresh water river fish purchased from a fish market in Vietnam. We then defined the pattern of antibiotic resistance to assess antibiotic-resistant contamination. Antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas spp. were detected in the intestinal contents of 32 of 80 fish. bla _NDM-1 was detected in seven strains. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC β-lactamase-related genes were detected in 28 strains, including bla _CTX-M-55 , bla _CTX-M-15 , bla _CTX-M-1 , and bla _DHA, bla _FOX, and bla _MOX . The bla _NDM-1 detected in the seven Aeromonas spp. strains were found chromosomally. This finding suggests that the bla _NDM gene is stable in the natural environment and may spread widely into animals and humans via Aeromonas spp. with a transposon. Our results suggest the importance of continuing to monitor carbapenemase genes in Aeromonas spp. to evaluate the possibility that they may spread in other Enterobacterales, and to elucidate the mechanism of spread.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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