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Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination and Early Antiviral Treatment in Reducing Pneumonia Risk in Severe Influenza Cases.
- Source :
-
Vaccines [Vaccines (Basel)] 2024 Feb 07; Vol. 12 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 07. - Publication Year :
- 2024
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Abstract
- Introduction: Influenza vaccination may be effective in preventing influenza infection and may reduce the risk of influenza-associated pneumonia. The study aim was to evaluate the effect of influenza vaccination in preventing pneumonia when it failed to prevent influenza hospitalization.<br />Methods: This was a case-control study comparing hospitalized cases of influenza with and without pneumonia in patients aged ≥18 years in 16 hospitals in Catalonia over 10 influenza seasons (2010-11 to 2019-20). Data on sociodemographic, virological characteristics, comorbidities, vaccination history, and antiviral treatment were collected and analysed. The crude odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR (aOR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) values were calculated.<br />Results: In total, 5080 patients hospitalized for severe influenza were included, 63.5% (3224/5080) of whom had pneumonia-mostly men (56.8%; 1830/3224) and mostly in the ≥75 age group (39.3%; 1267/3224)-and of whom 14.0% died (451/3224). Virus A and virus B accounted for 78.1% (2518/3224) and 21.9% (705/3224) of influenza types, respectively. Starting antiviral treatment ≤48 h after symptom onset (aOR = 0.69; 95%CI: 0.53-0.90) and a history of seasonal influenza vaccination (aOR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.72-0.98) were protective factors in developing pneumonia.<br />Conclusions: Adherence to seasonal influenza vaccination and starting antiviral treatment within 48 h of symptom onset can reduce pneumonia risk in severe influenza cases.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2076-393X
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Vaccines
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38400156
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12020173