Can photobiomodulation improve quadriceps strength and endurance outcomes in asymptomatic adults? A double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To explore the effect of photobiomodulation on quadriceps strength and endurance torques in asymptomatic adults.
Methods: Twenty-eight asymptomatic adults were randomized to one of two interventions: photobiomodulation (n = 14) or sham (n = 14). Quadriceps strength was evaluated by maximum voluntary isometric contraction test (60°) and endurance by an elastic resistance in multiple-set knee extension/flexion repetitions using a traction dynamometer. The outcomes were measured at three time points: pre-baseline; baseline and; final assessment. The photobiomodulation was applied to the quadriceps and triceps surae muscles of each participant's dominant lower limb, using a cluster with 1 infrared laser diode and 3 led amber of 170 mW for 240 s over four consecutive days. The sham group went through the same procedures, but the equipment was off, and patients and assessors were blinded to the intervention. Reliability and minimal detectable change of the measures were obtained from the pre-baseline and baseline time points. Differences between interventions were tested by an analysis of covariance.
Results and Discussion: There was no difference between photobiomodulation compared to sham in maximum isometric torque (mean difference (95% CI) = 0.008 (-0.29 to 0.31) and endurance torques (mean difference (95% CI) = 0.04 (-0.03 to 0.12). The mean difference was lower than the minimal detectable change for the maximum isometric torque (1.02 Nm.kg ^-1 ) and endurance torque (0.49 Nm.kg ^-1 ).
Conclusion: Photobiomodulation does not improve quadriceps strength and endurance outcomes in asymptomatic adults.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None.
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