Retinestatin, a Polyol Polyketide from a Termite Nest-Derived Streptomyces sp.

A new polyol polyketide, named retinestatin ( 1 ), was obtained and characterized from the culture of a Streptomyces strain, which was isolated from a subterranean nest of the termite Reticulitermes speratus kyushuensis Morimoto. The planar structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of the cumulative analysis of ultraviolet, infrared, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of 1 at 12 chiral centers was successfully assigned by employing a J -based configuration analysis in combination with ROESY correlations, a quantum mechanics-based computational approach to calculate NMR chemical shifts, and a 3 min flash esterification by Mosher's reagents followed by NMR analysis. Biological evaluation of retinestatin ( 1 ) using an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease revealed that 1 protected SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells from MPP ⁺ -induced cytotoxicity, indicating its neuroprotective effects.