CT comparison of the nasal airway anterior and posterior to the piriform aperture in patients with and without nasal obstruction.

Background: Nasal airway stenosis may lie anterior and/or posterior to the piriform aperture. We intended to compare the nasal airway anterior and posterior to the piriform aperture in patients with and without nasal obstruction.
Methods: Segmented computed tomography cross-sectional areas of the nasal airway anterior (CT-CSA _ant ) and posterior to the piriform aperture (at the level of the head of the inferior turbinate; CT-CSA _post ) were compared between patients with nasal obstruction (cases) and trauma controls. CT-CSA were approximately perpendicular to the direction of the nasal airflow. Anterior to the piriform aperture, they were tilted about 30 ^o , 60 ^o and 90 ^o to the nasal floor. Posterior to the piriform aperture, they were tilted about 50 ^o , 80 ^o and 100 ^o to the nasal floor. In cases, we examined the Pearson's correlation of active anterior rhinomanometry with CT-CSA _ant and CT-CSA _post .
Results: Narrow and bilateral CT-CSA _post were similarly large between 56 cases and 56 controls (all p > 0.2). On the contrary, narrow and bilateral CT-CSA _ant were significantly smaller in cases than in controls (all p < 0.001). The ratio of the size of CT-CSA _ant-30 to that of CT-CSA _post-80 was significantly lower in cases (median: 0.84; lower to upper quartile: 0.55-1.13) than in controls (1.0; 0.88-1.16; Mann-Whitney U test; p = 0.006). Bilateral CT-CSA _ant correlated significantly with total inspiratory flow (all p < 0.026) in contrast to bilateral CT-CSA _post (all p > 0.056).
Conclusions: The nasal airway anterior to the piriform aperture was smaller in patients with nasal obstruction due to skeletal nasal stenosis than that in controls. On the contrary, the nasal airway posterior to the piriform aperture was similarly large between patients with and without nasal obstruction. Furthermore, in patients with nasal obstruction, the anterior nasal airway was narrower compared to that located posterior to it. On the contrary, control patients' anterior nasal airway was as large as the posterior one.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)