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The Association of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status with Executive Function and Processing Speed in Cognitively Normal Mexican American Elders from the Health and Aging Brains Study: Health Disparities Cohort.
- Source :
-
Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders [Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord] 2024; Vol. 53 (4), pp. 180-189. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 25. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Introduction: Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) has been linked with overall health, and this study will evaluate whether NSES is cross-sectionally associated with cognition in non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) and Mexican Americans (MAs) from the Health and Aging Brain: Health Disparities Study (HABS-HD).<br />Methods: The HABS-HD is a longitudinal study conducted at the University of North Texas Health Science Center. The final sample analyzed (n = 1,312) were 50 years or older, with unimpaired cognition, and underwent an interview, neuropsychological examination, imaging, and blood draw. NSES was measured using the national area deprivation index (ADI) percentile ranking, which considered socioeconomic variables. Executive function and processing speed were assessed by the trail making tests (A and B) and the digit-symbol substitution test, respectively. Linear regression was used to assess the association of ADI and cognitive measures.<br />Results: MAs were younger, more likely to be female, less educated, had higher ADI scores, performed worse on trails B (all p &lt; 0.05), and had lower prevalence of APOE4 + when compared to NHWs (p &lt; 0.0001). A higher percentage of MAs lived in the most deprived neighborhoods than NHWs. For NHWs, ADI did not predict trails B or DSS scores, after adjusting for demographic variables and APOE4. For MAs, ADI predicted trails A, trails B, and DSS after adjusting for demographic covariates and APOE4 status.<br />Conclusion: Our study revealed that living in an area of higher deprivation was associated with lower cognitive function in MAs but not in NHWs, which is important to consider in future interventions to slow cognitive decline.<br /> (© 2024 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Subjects :
- Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Cognition physiology
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Health Status Disparities
Longitudinal Studies
Neighborhood Characteristics
Processing Speed
Residence Characteristics
Texas epidemiology
White psychology
Aging psychology
Executive Function
Mexican Americans psychology
Neuropsychological Tests
Social Class
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1421-9824
- Volume :
- 53
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38663362
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1159/000539035