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Cannabis, Tobacco Use, and COVID-19 Outcomes.
- Source :
-
JAMA network open [JAMA Netw Open] 2024 Jun 03; Vol. 7 (6), pp. e2417977. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 03. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Importance: It is unclear whether cannabis use is associated with adverse health outcomes in patients with COVID-19 when accounting for known risk factors, including tobacco use.<br />Objective: To examine whether cannabis and tobacco use are associated with adverse health outcomes from COVID-19 in the context of other known risk factors.<br />Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data from February 1, 2020, to January 31, 2022. This study included patients who were identified as having COVID-19 during at least 1 medical visit at a large academic medical center in the Midwest US.<br />Exposures: Current cannabis use and tobacco smoking, as documented in the medical encounter.<br />Main Outcomes and Measures: Health outcomes of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and all-cause mortality following COVID-19 infection. The association between substance use (cannabis and tobacco) and these COVID-19 outcomes was assessed using multivariable modeling.<br />Results: A total of 72 501 patients with COVID-19 were included (mean [SD] age, 48.9 [19.3] years; 43 315 [59.7%] female; 9710 [13.4%] had current smoking; 17 654 [24.4%] had former smoking; and 7060 [9.7%] had current use of cannabis). Current tobacco smoking was significantly associated with increased risk of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 1.72; 95% CI, 1.62-1.82; P < .001), ICU admission (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10-1.34; P < .001), and all-cause mortality (OR, 1.37, 95% CI, 1.20-1.57; P < .001) after adjusting for other factors. Cannabis use was significantly associated with increased risk of hospitalization (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.68-1.93; P < .001) and ICU admission (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14-1.41; P < .001) but not with all-cause mortality (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.82-1.14, P = .69) after adjusting for tobacco smoking, vaccination, comorbidity, diagnosis date, and demographic factors.<br />Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this cohort study suggest that cannabis use may be an independent risk factor for COVID-19-related complications, even after considering cigarette smoking, vaccination status, comorbidities, and other risk factors.
- Subjects :
- Humans
Female
Male
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
Adult
Risk Factors
Aged
Tobacco Use adverse effects
Tobacco Use epidemiology
Tobacco Smoking adverse effects
Tobacco Smoking epidemiology
Marijuana Smoking epidemiology
Marijuana Smoking adverse effects
COVID-19 mortality
COVID-19 epidemiology
Hospitalization statistics & numerical data
SARS-CoV-2
Intensive Care Units statistics & numerical data
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2574-3805
- Volume :
- 7
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- JAMA network open
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38904961
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17977