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Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Non-Liver Solid Organ Transplantation: Incidence and Risk Analysis.
- Source :
-
Clinical transplantation [Clin Transplant] 2024 Jul; Vol. 38 (7), pp. e15389. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Introduction: Hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) can occur in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with previously inactive hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Previous studies have reported that HBVr is generally less than 10% in nonliver SOT recipients with past HBV infection.<br />Methods: We conducted a retrospective study from January 2018 to August 2023 at Mayo Clinic sites in Arizona, Florida, and Minnesota. We examined the antiviral prophylaxis strategy used and the characteristics of HBVr in hepatitis B core antibody-positive (HBcAb +) nonliver SOT adult recipients. Past HBV infection was defined as HBcAb + / hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) -. Chronic HBV infection was defined as HBcAb + / HBsAg +.<br />Results: A total of 180 nonliver SOT recipients were identified during the study period. Indefinite antiviral prophylaxis was utilized in 77 recipients, and none developed HBVr after transplantation. In 103 recipients without antiviral prophylaxis, the incidence of HBVr was 12% (12/97) and 33% (2/6) in those with past HBV infection and chronic HBV infection. The incidence of HBVr in patients with past HBV infection is 16% (8/50), 15% (3/20), and 5% (1/22) in kidney, heart, and lungs, respectively. HBVr was more frequent in those who received alemtuzumab. Among 14 recipients with HBVr, none had HBV-associated liver failure or death.<br />Conclusions: Our study observed a higher rate of HBVr (12%) in nonliver SOT recipients with past HBV infection compared to the previous studies. Further studies are needed to identify predictors of HBVr in nonliver SOT recipients and optimize antiviral prophylaxis guidance.<br /> (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Retrospective Studies
Male
Female
Incidence
Middle Aged
Follow-Up Studies
Risk Factors
Prognosis
Adult
Risk Assessment
Postoperative Complications epidemiology
Postoperative Complications virology
Aged
Hepatitis B virus isolation & purification
Organ Transplantation adverse effects
Hepatitis B virology
Hepatitis B epidemiology
Virus Activation
Antiviral Agents therapeutic use
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1399-0012
- Volume :
- 38
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Clinical transplantation
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38952185
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/ctr.15389