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Lipidome changes due to improved dietary fat quality inform cardiometabolic risk reduction and precision nutrition.
- Source :
-
Nature medicine [Nat Med] 2024 Oct; Vol. 30 (10), pp. 2867-2877. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 11. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Current cardiometabolic disease prevention guidelines recommend increasing dietary unsaturated fat intake while reducing saturated fats. Here we use lipidomics data from a randomized controlled dietary intervention trial to construct a multilipid score (MLS), summarizing the effects of replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat on 45 lipid metabolite concentrations. In the EPIC-Potsdam cohort, a difference in the MLS, reflecting better dietary fat quality, was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular disease (-32%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -21% to -42%) and type 2 diabetes (-26%; 95% CI: -15% to -35%). We built a closely correlated simplified score, reduced MLS (rMLS), and observed that beneficial rMLS changes, suggesting improved dietary fat quality over 10 years, were associated with lower diabetes risk (odds ratio per standard deviation of 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.98) in the Nurses' Health Study. Furthermore, in the PREDIMED trial, an olive oil-rich Mediterranean diet intervention primarily reduced diabetes incidence among participants with unfavorable preintervention rMLS levels, suggestive of disturbed lipid metabolism before intervention. Our findings indicate that the effects of dietary fat quality on the lipidome can contribute to a more precise understanding and possible prediction of the health outcomes of specific dietary fat modifications.<br /> (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Female
Male
Middle Aged
Diet, Mediterranean
Adult
Precision Medicine
Aged
Lipid Metabolism drug effects
Risk Reduction Behavior
Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control
Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology
Lipidomics
Dietary Fats
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 prevention & control
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1546-170X
- Volume :
- 30
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38992128
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03124-1