Is Chronic Tendon Pain Caused by Neuropathy? Exciting Breakthroughs may Direct Potential Treatment.

Background: Tendinopathy significantly impacts the quality of life and imposes a high economic burden, accounting for a large proportion of sports and musculoskeletal injuries. Traditionally considered a collagen-related inflammatory disorder, emerging evidence suggests a critical role of neuropathic processes in chronic tendon pain.
Objective: This review aims to evaluate the neuropathic mechanisms in tendinopathy and discuss innovative treatments targeting these pathways.
Methods: We analyze recent studies highlighting the tendon innervation, pathological nerve sprouting neuronal ingrowth in tendinopathy, and the associated increase in pain and neuronal mediators.
Results: Chronic tendinopathy exhibits nociceptive sprouting from paratenon into the fibrous tendon proper. Innovative treatments such as Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Tenotomy (PUT) or high-frequency ultrasound interventions show promise in targeting these neuropathic components by paratenon separation. These approaches focus on disrupting the pathological innervation cycle.
Conclusion: Chronic tendon pain may be predominantly neuropathic, driven by pathologic neuronal ingrowth from paratenon into the tendon proper. Interventions that accurately target and disrupt these nerve pathways could revolutionize the treatment of tendinopathy. Further research is required to validate these findings and refine treatment modalities to ensure safety and efficacy.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical Statement: The present manuscript is an original work by the authors, not previously published, and is not undergoing consideration for publication elsewhere currently. All sources utilized are duly acknowledged through accurate citation. It is imperative to properly cite and enclose any literal copies of text with quotation marks to indicate their source. Every author has contributed significantly to the paper through personal and active involvement, and they shall accept public liability for its content. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)