The biological function of demethylase ALKBH1 and its role in human diseases.

Authors :: Zhong J
Xu Z
Ding N
Wang Y
Chen W
Source :: Heliyon [Heliyon] 2024 Jun 24; Vol. 10 (13), pp. e33489. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 24 (Print Publication: 2024).
Publication Year :: 2024
Abstract: AlkB homolog 1 (ALKBH1) is a member of the AlkB family of dioxygenases that are dependent on Fe(II) and α-ketoglutarate. Mounting evidence demonstrates that ALKBH1 exhibits enzymatic activity against various substrates, including N6-methyladenosine (m <superscript>6</superscript> A), N1-methyladenosine (m <superscript>1</superscript> A), N3-methylcytidine (m <superscript>3</superscript> C), 5-methylcytosine (m <superscript>5</superscript> C), N6-methyladenine (N <superscript>6</superscript> -mA, 6mA), and H2A, indicating its dual roles in different biological processes and involvement in human diseases. Up to the present, there is ongoing debate regarding ALKBH1's enzymatic activity. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of recent research on ALKBH1, including its substrate diversity and pathological roles in a wide range of human disorders, the underlying mechanisms of its functions, and its dysregulation. We also explored the potential of ALKBH1 as a prognostic target.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interests.<br /> (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)