Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Indian Bay Leaf (Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) T. Nees & Eberm.) Essential Oils Collected from Meghalaya.

The current work investigates the chemodiversity, in vitro antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Cinnamomum tamala (CT) leaf essential oil (EO) collected from different localities of East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya, India. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of all the extracted leaf essential oils facilitated the identification of several compounds in a variable range along with eugenol as the major component (74.79-95.12 %). CT8 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (IC ₅₀ =11.23±0.27 μg/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and IC ₅₀ =21.54±0.37 μg/mL for 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) among all EO evaluated. The results showed that the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values for CT8 were 83.26±1.92 μM trolox/g oil and 70.29±1.90 ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/g of oil. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition were highest in sample CT8 with IC ₅₀ values of 3.62±0.42 μg/mL and 16.29±0.32 μg/mL respectively. Caryophyllene, cyclohexene, 1, 5, 5-trimethyl-6-(2-propenylidene), germacrene D and eugenol showed strong binding potential toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase. It concluded that the chemodiversity and antidiabetic potential of C. tamla oil from Khasi Hills have never been studied. It can be taken as a dietary supplement as an antioxidant and antidiabetic to control blood glucose.
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