Vascular and immune interactions in islets transplantation and 3D islet models.

The aim of regenerative medicine is to restore specific functions to damaged cells or tissues. A crucial aspect of success lies in effectively reintegrating these cells or tissues within the recipient organism. This is particularly pertinent for diabetes, where islet function relies on the close connection of beta cells to the bloodstream for glucose sensing and insulin release. Central to this approach is the need to establish a fast connection with the host's vascular system. In this review, we explore the intricate relationships between endocrine, vascular, and immune cell interactions in transplantation outcomes. We also delve into recent strategies aimed at enhancing engraftment, along with the utilization of in vitro platforms to model cellular interactions.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest M. Cristina Nostro reports a relationship with Sigilon Therapeutics Inc that includes consulting or advisory. M. Cristina Nostro reports a relationship with Evotec SE that includes paid expert testimony. M. Cristina Nostro reports a relationship with Universal Cells Inc that includes funding grants. M. Cristina Nostro reports a relationship with Vertex Pharmaceuticals that includes speaking and lecture fees. M. Cristina Nostro has a pending patent “Use of macrophages for improved pancreatic cells”, No Licensee. Adriana Migliorini has a pending patent “Use of macrophages for improved pancreatic cells”, No Licensee. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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