Predicting risk factors for acute pain after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: an observational case control study.

Background: Inadequate postoperative analgesia is associated with increased risks of various postoperative complications, longer hospital stay, decreased quality of life and higher costs.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for moderate-to-severe postoperative pain within the first 24 hours and 24-48 hours after major hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery.
Methods: Data of patients who underwent surgery at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in Henan Provincial People's Hospital were collected from January 2018 to August 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors of postoperative pain.
Results: In total, 2180 patients were included in the final analysis. 183 patients (8.4%) suffered moderate-to-severe pain within 24 hours after operation. The independent risk factors associated with moderate-to-severe pain 24 hours after procedures were younger age (OR, 0.97; 95% CI 0.95 to 0.98, p<0.001), lower body mass index (BMI) (OR, 0.94; 95% CI 0.89 to 0.98, p=0.018), open surgery (OR, 0.34; 95% CI 0.22 to 0.52, p<0.001), and postoperative analgesia protocol with sufentanil (OR, 4.38; 95% CI 3.2 to 5.99, p<0.001). Postoperative hospital stay was longer in patients with inadequate analgesia (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Age, BMI, laparoscopic surgery, and different analgesic drugs were significant predictors of postoperative pain after major hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery.
Trial Registration: ChiCTR2100049726.
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
(© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)