Highly efficient photoenzymatic CO 2 reduction dominated by 2D/2D MXene/C 3 N 5 heterostructured artificial photosynthesis platform.

Photoenzyme-coupled catalytic systems offer a promising avenue for selectively converting CO ₂ into high-value chemicals or fuels. However, two key challenges currently hinder their widespread application: the heavy reliance on the costly coenzyme NADH, and the necessity for metal-electron mediators or photosensitizers to address sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, we present a robust 2D/2D MXene/C ₃ N ₅ heterostructured artificial photosynthesis platform for in situ NADH regeneration and photoenzyme synergistic CO ₂ conversion to HCOOH. The efficiencies of utilizing and transmitting photogenerated charges are significantly enhanced by the abundant π-π conjugation electrons and well-engineered 2D/2D hetero-interfaces. Noteworthy is the achievement of nearly 100 % NADH regeneration efficiency within just 2.5 h by 5 % Ti ₃ C ₂ /C ₃ N ₅ without electron mediators, and an impressive HCOOH production rate of 3.51 mmol g ^-1 h ^-1 with nearly 100 % selectivity. This study represents a significant advancement in attaining the highest NADH yield without electron mediator and provides valuable insights into the development of superior 2D/2D heterojunctions for CO ₂ conversion.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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