Adiponectin concentration and cardiometabolic risk factors: the moderator role of cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents.

The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) between the relationship of cardiometabolic risk factors and adiponectin in adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 255 adolescents of both sexes, aged 11 to 17 years. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters such as body mass, height, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, adiponectin, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) were measured. Body mass index z-score (BMI-z), tri-ponderal mass index (TMI), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), and age peak height velocity were calculated. The moderation analyses were tested using linear regression models. Interaction was observed with low CRF, indicating that those who achieved more than 2.27 (BMI-z), 2.18 (TMI), 2.10 (FM), 2.57 (insulin), 2.65 (HOMA-IR), and 2.81 (QUICKI) in L·min-1 on the CRF test may experience reduced risks in cardiometabolic risk factors.
Conclusion: The deleterious effects attributed to excess adiposity and unfavorable changes related to insulin resistance and sensitivity may be attenuated by CRF.
What Is Known: • Adiponectin, a protein derived from adipose tissue, may play a role as a potential marker of protection and predictor of cardiometabolic disorders and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness is controversial.
What Is New: • The deleterious effects attributed to overweight and unfavorable changes related to insulin resistance and sensitivity may be attenuated by high cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)