Malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with rupture, elevated serum CA199, CA12, CEA: A case report.

Rationale: Reports of mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) with associated complications and changes in serum cancer antigen levels are rare. Herein, we report a rare case of MCT with associated complications (rupture and malignant transformation), high levels of serum cancer antigens (CA19-9, CA12, and CEA), and surgical therapy.
Patient Concerns: An 81-year-old woman was referred to our emergency department because of diffuse abdominal pain and distension for 20 days.
Diagnoses: Imaging findings, including transabdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed a complex solid cystic mass in the lower abdomen. Preoperative laboratory test results showed high levels of serum cancer antigens (CA19-9, CA12, and CEA) in MCT. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed a MCT with rupture and malignant transformation.
Interventions: The patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and partial omentectomy. The patient did not undergo chemotherapy after surgery.
Outcomes: The follow-up period was 12 months. The patient recovered well without focal local recurrence or distant metastasis after the surgery.
Lessons: The study aims to report a new case of MCT with associated complications (rupture and malignant transformation) and changes in serum cancer antigen levels. Although this tumor presents as a complex solid cystic mass, detection of the intratumoral fat component is a key diagnostic imaging feature. A high level of serum cancer antigen may indicate the malignant transformation of MCT. In this case, surgery was an effective treatment for the MCT.
Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
(Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)