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Efficacy of vaccination during pregnancy in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. Puglia (Italy), 2021-23.
- Source :
-
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics [Hum Vaccin Immunother] 2024 Dec 31; Vol. 20 (1), pp. 2403831. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 17. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. The study, conducted at the "Policlinico" University Hospital of Bari, included 3346 newborns and their mothers. The study explored the degree of protection offered by maternal vaccination depending on the timing, type, and trimester of vaccination, also taking into account the mother's history of infection. We compared the incidence rate of infection between children of vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers; the values were 10.2% and 18.1%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. The overall effectiveness of the vaccine against the infection was 45%. Further analysis revealed increasing efficacy as the doses of vaccine administered to the mother increased and in case of a previous history of maternal infection. Dual immune stimulation (vaccination and natural infection) was 83% effective in preventing infection among newborns. The multivariable models confirmed the protective effect of vaccination with all types of vaccines used. The analysis of infection's incidence in newborns revealed an interesting temporal trend, with increasing incidence with time, suggesting a possible correlation with the persistence of maternal antibodies or with the gradual weaning. The results on the protective capacity of vaccines are in line with the global literature. Strengths of study include sample size, robust methodology, and multivariate analyses. Institutions could intensify awareness campaigns to encourage both pregnant women and all those who would like to become pregnant to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
- Subjects :
- Humans
Female
Pregnancy
Retrospective Studies
Italy epidemiology
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Incidence
Adult
Male
Vaccine Efficacy
COVID-19 prevention & control
COVID-19 epidemiology
COVID-19 immunology
COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage
COVID-19 Vaccines immunology
Vaccination statistics & numerical data
SARS-CoV-2 immunology
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious prevention & control
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2164-554X
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39288786
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2024.2403831