A Volume-Based Framework Reconciling COAPT, MITRA-FR, and RESHAPE-HF2.

Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures Dr Gupta has received grant support from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (1R56HL175516-01); is a co-founder of Heartbeat Health, Inc (a telehealth cardiology company) and icardio.ai (an artificial intelligence echocardiography company). Dr Packer has received consulting fees from 89bio, AbbVie, Actavis, Altimmune, Alnylam, Amarin, Amgen, Ardelyx, ARMGO, AstraZeneca, Attralus, Biopeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Caladrius, Casana, CSL Behring, Cytokinetics, Imara, Lilly, Medtronic, Moderna, Novartis, Pharmacosmos, Reata, Regeneron, and Salamandra. Dr Makkar has received grant support/research contracts from Edwards Lifesciences and St Jude Medical; and has received consultant fees/honoraria and served on the Speaker Bureau of Abbott Vascular, Cordis Corporation, and Medtronic. Dr Grayburn has received research grants from Abbott Vascular, CardioMech, Cardiovalve, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, NeoChord, Restore Medical, and 4C Medical; and is a consultant/advisory board member for Abbott Vascular, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, and 4C Medical.