A case of visual impairment due to HHV-6 encephalitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in childhood acute myeloid leukemia-M2 subtype.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a crucial treatment option for children with M2 subtype acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) encephalitis following transplantation is a rare postoperative complication, with a poor prognosis and a high fatality rate in allo-HSCT recipients. In this report, a juvenile patient with AMLwas successfully treated after developing visual impairment as a result of HHV-6B encephalitis during allo-HSCT therapy. HHV-6 encephalitis-associated visual impairment after transplantation is rare, and clinical diagnosis and treatment are challenging, requiring more attention in the future.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient’s parents for the publication of this case report and accompanying images. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)