Cellulose acetate-based polymer electrolyte for energy storage application with the influence of BaTiO 3 nanofillers on the electrochemical properties: A progression in biopolymer-EDLC technology.

The bio-based solid polymer electrolyte serves as a promising choice for the next generation of energy storage devices to meet the requirement of green chemistry. In the current research, a green plasticized magnesium ion-conducting biopolymer electrolyte was developed using simple solution casting method for Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC) applications. The biopolymer Cellulose Acetate (CA) as the host polymer, with varying concentrations of BaTiO ₃ as the nanofiller, Mg(CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ as the ionic dopant, and PEG as the plasticizer. A 2 wt% addition of BaTiO ₃ to the biopolymer electrolyte exhibits maximum conductivity measuring 2.4 × 10 ^-3  S/cm. Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV) analysis demonstrates maximum stability voltage of 3.51 V. The ionic transference number (t _ion ) and (t _Mg ²⁺ ) were determined to be 0.99 and 0.41 respectively. The fabricated EDLC device with the same electrolyte showed polarisation curve without any noticeable peaks in the Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) plot, indicating no redox reactions occurring at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Galvanostatic Charge Discharge (GCD) results showed excellent coulombic efficiency, stability and Energy Density and Power Density performance over 2000 cycles. The incorporation of BaTiO ₃ into biopolymer membranes presents a viable approach towards sustainable energy storage solutions by enhancing the energy storage capacity of EDLC devices.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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