Safety of Simultaneous Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy and Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review.

Background: Cholelithiasis and inguinal hernias are common surgical conditions that often coexist. Laparoscopic techniques are increasingly used for both cholecystectomy and inguinal hernia repair. This study aimed to systematically review the available evidence on the safety and efficacy of simultaneous laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR). Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases was performed for articles published until March 2024 using specific keywords. Studies meeting predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. Results: Ten studies comprising 199 patients were included in the review. The mean operative time for combined LC and LIHR ranged from 55 to 157 minutes, with an average hospital stay between 1 and 4 days. The overall complication rate was 22%, with seroma/hematoma formation (6.5%) being most common. There were no reported mortalities or cases of mesh infection. Discussion: This review suggested that simultaneous LC and LIHR is a safe and effective option for patients with both conditions. The combined procedure offers potential benefits such as reduced hospital stay, faster recovery, and cost savings. Although the optimal sequence of surgical procedures for LIHR and LC remains debatable, the risk of mesh infection appears to be minimal.