Dual-task resistance training improves strength and reduces pain more than resistance exercise alone in elbow fracture rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To examine the effects on strength, pain intensity, range of motion (ROM), and functionality of a 12-week dual-task resistance exercise program in patients undergoing rehabilitation from elbow fractures.
Design: Randomized Controlled Trial SETTING: Rehabilitation hospital.
Participants: Individuals undergoing elbow fracture rehabilitation.
Intervention: Randomization was performed sequentially using numbered envelopes containing assignments to either an intervention group (dual-task resistance training using a mathematical task with self-regulation, n=18) or a control group (traditional resistance training, n=14) for 12 weeks.
Main Outcome: Measures: The primary outcomes were muscle strength for elbow flexors and extensors and pain assessed by the visual analog scale from 0 to 100 mm. The secondary outcomes were kinesiophobia assessed by the Tampa Scale-11 and disability using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and passive ROM.
Results: Dual-task resistance training improved strength and reduced pain more than resistance training alone (p<0.05), and only the dual-task group improved in kinesiophobia (p<0.05). The linear regression showed a significant negative association between kinesiophobia and increased elbow strength in the dual-task group (flexion, r=-0.53, p=0.024; extension, r=-0.65, p=0.004) but not in the control group (p>0.05). No significant differences were observed between the group for disability and passive ROM (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Dual-task resistance training and traditional resistance training both enhance strength, reduce pain, improve functionality, and increase ROM after 12 weeks of elbow fracture rehabilitation. However, dual-task resistance training is superior to resistance training alone in enhancing strength and reducing pain.
Competing Interests: Disclosures The authors completed the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and reported no financial or other conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.)