Remission of low-grade lymphomatoid granulomatosis with extensive pulmonary involvement following immune restoration via antiretroviral therapy in a newly diagnosed HIV patient.

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a rare Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven lymphoproliferative disease that usually arises in the context of reduced immunological surveillance. Based on histology, two forms of the disease are recognized, namely low-grade and high-grade LYG. Clinically, LYG universally involves the lungs and, frequently, also the skin, central nervous system, liver, and kidneys. Here, we present the case of a 55-year-old woman with a difficult-to-diagnose low-grade LYG with symptomatic lung involvement, who concomitantly was newly diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Rapid immune recovery achieved through antiretroviral therapy led to a complete and sustained clinical and radiological remission of LYG.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical review and approval were waived for this case report with no formal analysis aiming to evaluate the efficacy of a therapeutic approach. The patient has provided written informed consent for publication. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2025. The Author(s).)