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Mechanism of action of dioxin-type chemicals, pesticides, and other xenobiotics affecting nutritional indexes.

Authors :
Matsumura F
Source :
The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 1995 Mar; Vol. 61 (3 Suppl), pp. 695S-701S.
Publication Year :
1995

Abstract

The most consistent toxic effects of dioxin-type chemicals are hyperlipidemia, body weight loss (particularly body fat loss), anorexia, changes in carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid peroxidation. The biochemical systems particularly affected are lipoprotein lipases, low-density-lipoprotein receptors, glucose transporter proteins (GLUTs), vitamin C uptake, and insulin secretion. Some of these biochemical changes occur at very low doses, and some effects can last for long time periods. To provide a mechanistic explanation for such actions of dioxins, available experimental evidence has been reviewed. The most recent discovery indicates that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) directly acts with isolated cytosolic aryl-hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor under cell-free conditions even without the presence of the nucleus and is capable of activating key protein kinases that are involved in the growth factor signal-transduction pathway. The resulting activation of primary-response transcription factors in the nucleus appears to play a key role in coordinating vital cell program shifts, including lipid metabolism.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
0002-9165
Volume :
61
Issue :
3 Suppl
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
The American journal of clinical nutrition
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
7879740
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/61.3.695S