Back to Search
Start Over
Primary prophylaxis with pyrimethamine for toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease: results of a randomized trial. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS.
- Source :
-
The Journal of infectious diseases [J Infect Dis] 1994 Feb; Vol. 169 (2), pp. 384-94. - Publication Year :
- 1994
-
Abstract
- Pyrimethamine, 25 mg thrice weekly, was evaluated as primary prophylaxis for toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) in a double-blind, randomized clinical trial in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, absolute CD4 lymphocyte count of < 200/microL (or prior AIDS-defining opportunistic infection), and the presence of serum IgG to Toxoplasma gondii. Leucovorin was coadministered only for hematologic toxicity. There was a significantly higher death rate among patients receiving pyrimethamine (relative risk [RR], 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-4.8; P = .006), even after adjusting for factors predictive of survival. The TE event rate was low in both treatment groups (not significant). Only 1 of 218 patients taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole but 7 of 117 taking aerosolized pentamidine for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed TE (adjusted RR for the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.01-1.79; P = .14). Thus, for HIV-infected patients receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, additional prophylaxis for TE appears unnecessary.
- Subjects :
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections mortality
Adult
Double-Blind Method
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis complications
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis mortality
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections drug therapy
HIV Infections complications
Pyrimethamine adverse effects
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral prevention & control
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0022-1899
- Volume :
- 169
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Journal of infectious diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 8106772
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/169.2.384