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Immunotoxicity studies in mink (Mustela vison) chronically exposed to dietary bleached kraft pulp mill effluent.
- Source :
-
Journal of wildlife diseases [J Wildl Dis] 1996 Apr; Vol. 32 (2), pp. 199-208. - Publication Year :
- 1996
-
Abstract
- The immunotoxic potential of bleached kraft pulp mill effluent (BKME) to cell-mediated immunity in mink (Mustela vison) was investigated October 1993 through May 1994. For 26 weeks, 20 mink were fed a diet based upon fish caught within 6 km downstream of a bleached kraft mill in Saskatchewan, Canada. Water for this group contained 25% softwood-run BKME. Twenty control mink were fed nutritionally matched diets based upon fish from lakes receiving no municipal or industrial effluent and tap water. Using in vitro and in vivo immunotoxicity assays, the proliferative response of mink peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to mitogens was optimal, at 72 hr with 10 micrograms/ml Concanavalin A, 1/80 dilution pokeweed mitogen, and 1/80 dilution phytohemagglutinin. Bacterial cell wall Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide did not stimulate mitosis of the mink PBMC. No difference (P < 0.05) in PBMC proliferation was seen between the control and BKME-exposed mink with any of the mitogens used. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH), a cell mediated response, was assessed in mink vaccinated with live bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and then challenged by intradermal toe web injection with 200 micrograms of sonicated BCG approximately 6 weeks later. The DTH response in the BKME-exposed mink was impaired based upon assessment using skin thickness measurements, histopathological assessment and image analyzer technology. This decreased response is evidence for suboptimal immune function associated with BKME exposure, which could affect the competitive fitness of piscivorous mammals naturally exposed to BKME.
- Subjects :
- Animal Feed
Animals
Female
Fishes
Hypersensitivity, Delayed veterinary
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Immune System physiopathology
Intradermal Tests veterinary
Lymphocyte Activation drug effects
Male
Mitogens toxicity
Saskatchewan
Wood
Environmental Exposure
Immune System drug effects
Industrial Waste adverse effects
Mink
Paper
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0090-3558
- Volume :
- 32
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of wildlife diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 8722256
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-32.2.199