The fate of Mn2+ ions inside Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells seen by electron paramagnetic resonance.

The fate of Mn2+ inside Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells was monitored during import and export processes, using information from electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy analysis. EPR spectra showed that when entering the cell in high number, manganese ions immediately precipitated. If recorded under conditions that favored manganese efflux, EPR spectra indicated that only osmotically free ions were exported and that bound manganese had to turn into the soluble form before being able to leave the cell.