Asymptomatic, palpable, anterior chest wall lesions in children: is cross-sectional imaging necessary?

Purpose: To review results from cross-sectional imaging studies performed to evaluate asymptomatic anterior chest wall lesions in children.
Materials and Methods: All magnetic resonance (MR) images or computed tomographic (CT) scans of the chest obtained from 1989 to 1996 for evaluation of asymptomatic, palpable, focal, anterior chest wall lesions in otherwise healthy children were reviewed. Fifty-one children were considered for the study. Findings from 27 examinations in 27 children (13 underwent MR imaging, and 14 underwent CT) were included in the study. All children had normal radiographs of the region. Twenty-four patients did not meet the inclusion criteria and were excluded.
Results: The cause of the lesion palpated at physical examination was identified in 26 of 27 patients: prominent anterior convex ribs in 10 patients; "tilted" sternum in six; prominent asymmetric costal cartilage in four; bifid rib in one; and well-defined, small (< 1-cm) subcutaneous nodule adjacent to costal cartilage in five. One examination demonstrated no abnormality. Of the 27 patients, none required treatment.
Conclusion: All palpable, asymptomatic, anterior chest wall lesions were benign and usually related to normal variations in the bone or cartilage of the chest wall. The low yield of cross-sectional imaging performed for evaluation of these asymptomatic "bumps" should be considered when decisions are made with regard to imaging.