VIROIDS.

The article offers information on grapevine yellow speckle viroids (GYSVds), the non coding genomes which are subviral pathogerns of the plant. Information regarding the common symptoms, detection, and disease transmission, are discussed. The article also mentioned the varietal susceptibility, geographical distribution, and preventive method such as the use of viroid-free propagative material through meristem tip culture and somatic embryogenesis.