A Novel Endoscopic Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging System for Intraoperative Surgical Navigation.

Cerenkov luminescence imaging is an emerging optical technique for imaging the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals in vivo. However, because of the light scattering effect, it cannot obtain optical information from deep internal organs. To overcome this challenge, we established a novel endoscopic Cerenkov luminescence imaging system that used a clinically approved laparoscope and an electronmultiplying charge-coupled device camera. We assessed the performance of the system through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results demonstrated superior superficial imaging resolution (0.1 mm), a large field of view (500 mm² with 10 mm imaging distance), and superb imaging sensitivity (imaging 1 µCi) of our system. It captured the weak Cerenkov signal from internal organs successfully andwas applied to intraoperative surgical navigation of tumor resection. It offered objective information of the tumor location and tumor residual during the surgical operation. This technique holds great potential for clinical translation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]