THE PEN IS MIGHTIER THAN THE SWORD: ACTION AS MADNESS IN DON QUIJOTE.

Miguel de Cervantes's Don Quijote, Part One (1605) purports to be an historical chronicle of the exploits of a mad Manchegan knight, a conceit which Don Quijote, Part Two (1615) develops by staging encounters between Don Quixote and Sancho Panza and characters who have read the 'true history' of Part One. This structure culminates in the episodes involving the Duke and Duchess, assiduous readers of Part One who concoct elaborate pranks at Quixote's and Sancho's expense. Consumed by their merrymaking, the Duke and Duchess reveal themselves to be quixotic in a peculiarly literary way: they ape Quixote's madness by miming his exaggerated imitation of literature. In this way, Part One, like the books of knight errantry that drive Quixote insane, becomes the stimulus for extravagant behaviour. This identification simultaneously celebrates and satirizes the popular reception and power of Cervantes's own work, which itself achieves a bizarre capacity to drive sane individuals to behavioural extremes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]