Present Status of Various Analytical Techniques for Characterizing the Composition and Structure of Material Surfaces.

Advanced surface analytical methods are outlined, and they are used to obtain new information on the surface phenomena of materials surfaces. For instance, angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectros-copy is used for analyzing the surface segregation of chromium and nitrogen on stainless steels and the native oxidation of their surfaces. X-ray absorption spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation is utilized for analyzing the chemical state and local structure of Fe in green rust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]