Fear learning through the two visual systems, a commentary on: "A parvalbumin-positive excitatory visual pathway to trigger fear responses in mice".

The author discusses a study on the innate defensive response of mice to overhead looming stimuli as the fear behavior paradigm where the results suggested that the excitatory pathway from superior colliculus (SC) to lateral posterior nucleus (LPN) and LPN to amygdala pathway is critical for the amygdala expression of the visual fear cue guided behavior. It cites findings that Parvalbumin (PV) positive neurons in SC are also transfected by CaMKII-promoter virus.