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Two-Dimensional Nb-Based M4C3 Solid Solutions (MXenes).

Authors :: Yang, Jian
Naguib, Michael
Ghidiu, Michael
Pan, Li‐Mei
Gu, Jian
Nanda, Jagjit
Halim, Joseph
Gogotsi, Yury
Barsoum, Michel W.
Zhou, Y.
Source :: Journal of the American Ceramic Society; Feb2016, Vol. 99 Issue 2, p660-666, 7p
Publication Year :: 2016
Abstract: Herein, two new two-dimensional Nb<subscript>4</subscript>C<subscript>3</subscript>-based solid solutions (MXenes), (Nb<subscript>0.8</subscript>,Ti<subscript>0.2</subscript>)<subscript>4</subscript>C<subscript>3</subscript>T<subscript> x</subscript> and (Nb<subscript>0.8</subscript>,Zr<subscript>0.2</subscript>)<subscript>4</subscript>C<subscript>3</subscript>T<subscript> x</subscript> (where T is a surface termination) were synthesized-as confirmed by X-ray diffraction-from their corresponding MAX phase precursors (Nb<subscript>0.8</subscript>,Ti<subscript>0.2</subscript>)<subscript>4</subscript>AlC<subscript>3</subscript> and (Nb<subscript>0.8</subscript>,Zr<subscript>0.2</subscript>)<subscript>4</subscript>AlC<subscript>3</subscript>. This is the first report on a Zr-containing MXene. Intercalation of Li ions into these two compositions, and Nb<subscript>4</subscript>C<subscript>3</subscript>T<subscript> x</subscript> was studied to determine the potential of those materials for energy storage applications. Lithiation and delithiation peaks at 2.26 and 2.35 V, respectively, appeared in the case of Nb<subscript>4</subscript>C<subscript>3</subscript>T<subscript> x</subscript>, but were not present in Nb<subscript>2</subscript>CT<subscript> x</subscript>. After 20 cycles at a rate of C/4, the specific capacities of (Nb<subscript>0.8</subscript>,Ti<subscript>0.2</subscript>)<subscript>4</subscript>C<subscript>3</subscript>T<subscript> x</subscript> and (Nb<subscript>0.8</subscript>,Zr<subscript>0.2</subscript>)<subscript>4</subscript>C<subscript>3</subscript>T<subscript> x</subscript> were 158 and 132 mAh/g, respectively, both slightly lower than the capacity of Nb<subscript>4</subscript>C<subscript>3</subscript>T<subscript> x</subscript>. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]